Giáo trình Speaking II - Lê Phạm Hoài Hương (Phần 1)

Nội dung text: Giáo trình Speaking II - Lê Phạm Hoài Hương (Phần 1)

1. ĐẠI HỌC HUẾ TRUNG TÂM ĐÀO TẠO TỪ XA ThS. LÊ PHẠM HOÀI HƯƠNG GIÁO TRÌNH SPEAKING II (Sách dùng cho hệ đào tạo từ xa) HuÕ - 2007
2. CONTENTS UNIT 1 6 Lesson 1 : REUNION 6 Lesson 2 : WELCOMING 7 UNIT 2 7 Lesson 3 : TO GO OR NOT TO GO 7 Lesson 4 : EXPRESSING PERSONAL WORRIES AND GIVING ADVICE/DECLINING TO GIVE ADVICE 8 UNIT 3 9 Lesson 5 : BREAKING THE ICE 9 UNIT 4 10 Lesson 7 : WOMEN'S LIBERATION 10 Lesson 8 : THE LANGUAGE OF ARGUMENT 10 UNIT 5 11 Lesson 9 : A NEW WAY OF LOOKING AT MONEY 11 Lesson 10 : MONEY TRANSACTIONS 11 UNIT 6 12 Lesson 11 : FESTIVALS 12 Lesson 12 : PHRASAL VERBS 12 UNIT 7 12 Lesson 13 : CHOOSING A PRESENT 12 Lesson 14 : SHOPPING 13 UNIT 8 13 Lesson 15 : THE MOTORIST'S GUIDE TO INTER-CITY 13 Lesson 16 : MAKING COMPARISONS 13 UNIT 9 14 Lesson 17 : THE GOOD OLD DAYS 14 Lesson 18 : THE LANGUAGE OF ARGUMENT 14 UNIT 10 14 2
3. Lesson 19 : DO YOU DOODLE? 14 Lesson 20 : DRAWING ATTENTION 14 Lesson 21 : DR PETERS' BRAVE NEW WORLD 15 UNIT 11 15 Lesson 22 : VERBS AND ADJECTIVES FOLLOWED BY TO, ON, OF AND WITH 15 Lesson 23 : FRINGE BENEFITS 15 UNIT 12 16 Lesson 24 : MAKING STATEMENTS AND QUALIFYING COUNTER-STATEMENTS 16 UNIT 13 17 Lesson 25 : CONVERSATION IN THE INTERVAL 17 Lesson 26 : AFTER THE SHOW 17 UNIT 14 18 Lesson 27 : HELP YOUR DOCTOR TO HELP YOU 18 UNIT 14 18 Lesson 28 : CAUSE AND EFFECT 18 UNIT 15 19 Lesson 29 : PLAY IN THE WORK OF THE CHILD 19 Lesson 30 : INTERPRETING PHOTOGRAPHS 19 UNIT 16 19 Lesson 31 : DREAM CHART 19 Lesson 32 : INTERPRETING SYMBOLS 20 UNIT 17 20 Lesson 33 : FEAR 20 Lesson 34 : EXPRESSING EMOTIONS 21 UNIT 18 21 Lesson 35 : SO YOU THINK YOU'RE HONEST? 21 Lesson 36 : THE LANGUAGE OF ARGUMENT 21 UNIT 19 21 Lesson 37 : RENT A CAR 21 Lesson 38 : VERBS AND ADJECTIVES FOLLOWED BY FROM, FOR, IN AND AT 22 3
4. UNIT 20 22 Lesson 39 22 Lesson 40 : INTERPRETING PRINTED INSTRUCTIONS 22 UNIT 21 23 Lesson 41 : THIS ENGLISH 23 Lesson 42 : PHRASAL VERBS (2) 23 UNIT 22 24 Lesson 43 : OTHER PEOPLE'S HOMES 24 Lesson 44 : EXCHANGING INFORMATION ABOUT HOME 24 UNIT 23 24 Lesson 45 : A VISIT TO A DOCTOR 24 Lesson 46 : AILMENTS 24 UNIT 24 25 Lesson 47 : ARE YOU RULED BY YOUR EMOTIONS? 25 Lesson 48 : REACTING TO HYPOTHETICAL SITUATIONS AND CIRCUMSTANCES 26 UNIT 25 26 Lesson 49 : CITY 26 Lesson 50 : PHRASAL VERBS (3) 27 UNIT 26 27 Lesson 51 : THE OLYMPIC GAMES 27 Lesson 52 : THE LANGUAGE OF ARGUMENT 27 UNIT 27 27 Lesson 53 : PIANO 27 Lesson 54 : LITERARY APPRECIATION 28 UNIT 28 28 Lesson 55 : LATE ARRIVAL 28 Lesson 56 : APOLOGIZING 28 UNIT 29 29 Lesson 57 : TIME TRANSFIXED 29 Lesson 58 : INTERPRETING SOMETHING DIFFICULT 29 4
5. UNIT 30 30 Lesson 59 : NORTH VERSUS SOUTH 30 Lesson 60 : THE LANGUAGE OF ARGUMENT 30 ASSIGNMENT 1 31 ASSIGNMENT 2 31 ASSIGNMENT 3 31 ASSIGNMENT 4 32 ASSIGNMENT 5 32 ASSIGNMENT 6 32 ASSIGNMENT 7 33 ASSIGNMENT 8 33 ASSIGNMENT 9 34 ASSIGNMENT 10 34 ASSIGNMENT 11 34 ASSIGNMENT 12 35 ASSIGNMENT 13 35 ASSIGNMENT 14 36 ASSIGNMENT 15 36 ASSIGNMENT 16 37 ASSIGNMENT 17 37 ASSIGNMENT 18 38 ASSIGNMENT 19 38 ASSIGNMENT 20 38 5
6. SPEAKING II : STUDY GUIDE GENERAL INTRODUCTION Mainline by Alexander, L., G. et al (1991) aims at improving the learners' use of English in situations. It comprises a variety of unscripted situations, dialogues and discussions. With an emphasis on speaking skill, Mainline can also be used to improve other skills such as writing, reading and listening. The study guide focuses more on activities that help improve the Kimbrough, V. (1987) are also employed to develop the learners' speaking skill. UNIT 1 Lesson 1 : REUNION Situations : Questions you may want to ask your friend when meeting him/her after a long car/train journey. Did you have a good time driving? How was your trip? How far did you drive? Was the train on time? Can you add more to the list? Solo : for this situation, you may want to use the words and phrases following to explain to your colleague the late train. sorry I don't mean to be late the train will be late in two hours please wait try to get to the place as soon as possible goodbye hope to see him/her soon Talking points : 1. Describe most pleasant/unpleasant journey you've ever had. For this talking . In addition, you should mention the reasons why it was the most pleasant/ unpleasant journey. Useful words/phrases : Unpleasant journey : delayed, noisy neighbors, snore, talkative, steal purse, no money, arrival hall, no one to see you at the airport or railway station. 6
7. Pleasant journey : on time, considerate neighbors, good communication, make new friends, good service with delicious food and drink, enjoy the journey. 2. On Tet (New Lunar Year) occasion, members of a Vietnamese family and their friends come together for a reunion. In Western countries, Christmas is the time for reunion. 3. To make a visitor feel welcome, it is advisable that the atmosphere is friendly and the host/hostess should be helpful but not interfering. Make the guest feel at home. 4. What's the best way to travel? Read unit 19 : The best way to travel is on foot in the book For and Against by Alexander. Lesson 2 : WELCOMING Language Review : Impersonal constructions with It + be + adj + to-infinitive It + be + adj + of-pron + to-infinitive as some examples : It is good of you to give her advice to stop smoking. It is wonderful to get to know that famous singer. It was careless of him to drive in the dark without turning the lights on. It was thoughtful of you to remember my birthday. Composition : 1. Remember that there are 5 parts in a letter: heading (address and date), greeting (Dear , ), body (message), closing (Yours sincerely, Yours truly ) and signature. 2. In your dialogue, you should express your feelings to see your friend, ask about the journey, his/her family, work and tell him/her something about yourself. UNIT 2 Lesson 3 : TO GO OR NOT TO GO Situation : On presenting a small gift to your friend, on behalf of your department when your friend has been promoted to another department, you might want to say thanks to him/her for his good work in your department as well as his with all members in the department and wish him/her a good time, good luck in the new position. Thank you for being so nice and helpful to us. 7
8. No one can replace you. We regret to say goodbye to you. We'll miss you. Take good care of yourself. Talking points : 1. Describe the capital or other big city and say what it would be like for a foreigner to work in. You may want to describe Hanoi or Ho Chi Minh City. Useful words and expressions : modern lifestyle lots of foreign investment fast life pace labor force available high consuming need convenient transportation 2. Compare a Vietnamese wedding with a Western one. 3. Advice to someone wants to succeed in his career like the job sense of discipline dedication creative responsible good relation with other colleagues "work as you don't need money" 4 and 5 : Discuss with your friends or read more books for more information. Lesson 4 : EXPRESSING PERSONAL WORRIES AND GIVING ADVICE/DECLINING TO GIVE ADVICE Further practice : Examples Accommodation : A : I'm moving into the got enough space. I hate living in the city. B : Don't be too upset. You'll get used to it. Everyone needs time to adapt himself into the new living environment. Social : A : I look so ugly. I don't know what to wear and to make matters worse, I always say the wrong things. B : Oh come on! You look so nice. I don't find anything wrong with your speech. Relax! Don't worry too much. The opposite sex : A : I feel sad. My girlfriend is getting tired of me. She avoids meeting me but I do want to see her. B : Maybe you should change your behavior. Think about some reasons that upset her. If I were you, I'll do my best to win her heart. The family : A : I'm so tired of life. I quarrel with my family members often. 8
9. B : Come on! You shouldn't be too much upset. Everyone quarrels sometimes. If I were you I would try to avoid the arguments. Composition : Advise a friend who is worried about her/his mother Useful words and expressions : understand how you feel mother is alone needs someone to take care of live far away take time to alone need making friends go out more join clubs for old people phone her often visit her if possible do not worry too much everything will be all right. UNIT 3 Lesson 5 : BREAKING THE ICE Oral composition Describing people 1. Example : 27- year- old John Steven Cook is a single solicitor. He has medium build of about 5'11" height. His eyes are hazel and his hair is dark brown. He seems lively and friendly to everyone. He goes swimming and plays goft in his free time. 2. Can you describe yourself? Lesson 6 : DESCRIBING A PERSON Further practice : All the vocabulary and expressions provided in this part are useful. Learn them all. Remember to give information on age, appearance, character, interests and skills when you describe a person. Language review : study verbs : may, might, must and can't Note : May and might are used to express degrees of possibility Example : He may/might have been an active child. Must and can't can be used to express deduction. Example : He must have been popular at school. He can't have saved much money. For more information on modal auxiliary verbs with perfect infinitives, see pages 109-340 of the book Practical English Usage by Michael Swan (1980). Use of English : 9
10. For direct and indirect speech, see chapter 31 of the book : A Practical English Grammar by Thomson and Martinet (1987). UNIT 4 Lesson 7 : WOMEN'S LIBERATION For more information on women's liberation, read unit 1 in the book For and Against by Alexander. Asking questions : Imagine you are interviewing a well-known woman doctor. She is married to lawyer and has three children, aged 2, 6, and 8. You might want to ask her the following questions : I know that you're very How can you manage to work full time and take care of 3 children at the same time? Are there any difficulties that you have to face when being a caring mother and hard-working doctor? Does your husband help you with your housework? Do you have servants? Could you tell us your secrets to success? Do you have free time to enjoy life? Can you think of some more questions to ask her? Talking points : compare the life of a woman today with that of your grandmother. Life of a woman today Life of a woman before More free time to pursue a career or Giving birth and bringing up children happiness Participating into social activities Doing Staying at home and doing housework many kinds of work Housewife Can you add more to this table? Lesson 8 : THE LANGUAGE OF ARGUMENT Learn the language of argument provided in the two tables. How to make a counter- proposition is disagreeing. Read unit 9 of the book Speaking Naturally by Tillitt and Bruder (1989). Composition : Men's liberation movement Useful words/expressions 10
11. men and women are equal no "ladies first" women are spoiled men do more housework women spend time shopping and making up women talk more and work less decide things by intuition too free to take care of the family UNIT 5 Lesson 9 : A NEW WAY OF LOOKING AT MONEY General questions : 1. Risk in carrying large sums of cash around : you may lose the money or be robbed. 2. A credit card is useful for going shopping without carrying large sums of cash. 3. December perhaps is the most expensive month of the year as at this time people have to buy a lot of presents and the price is usually higher than usual. 4. What makes holidays expensive? Presents and travelling cost. 5. What bills do you pay regularly? How do you budget? Maybe electricity, telephone, internet, and water bills. Part of monthly salary is used to pay all these bills. 6. The best way to save money : do not spend more than half of the money you earn. 7. Presents need not be expensive as the value of the presents depends little on its cost. Lesson 10 : MONEY TRANSACTIONS All the language and vocabulary provided in the tables are useful. Learn them all. Read the language review part and try to make some requests and express wishes. Composition : State the arguments for and against buying things with a credit card. For Against not risk losing cash spend more than needed convenient to be carried with shoppers may be in debt avoid being attacked or robbed be tempted to spend Can you add more to this list? 11
12. UNIT 6 Lesson 11 : FESTIVALS Festival : (day or time of) religious or other celebration : Christmas and Easter are Christian festivals. Carnivals : public festival, joyful events, celebrations and merry-making occurring at a regular time of a year. Procession : number of people, vehicles, etc moving along in-an orderly way, esp as part of a ceremony or demonstration. Review unit 17 : Festival and Holidays of the book : Well-Spoken by Ramsey and Rees-Parnal. Lesson 12 : PHRASAL VERBS Learn all the phrasal verbs on page 23. Use of English : answer key 1. got through 6. got over 2. take after 7. go in for 3. ran after 8. ran into 4. went for 9. taken to 5. call on UNIT 7 Lesson 13 : CHOOSING A PRESENT Situations : A conversation between a shop assistant and someone trying to buy a birthday present or a relative or friend : Shop assistant : Good morning. Can I help you? Customer : I'm looking for a present for my niece. . S. A. : How old is she? C : She is 10. S. A. : How about a doll? C : I gave her a doll on her last birthday. S.A. :Well, how about CD? 12
13. C : Yeah, it's a good can 1 have a look at that camera over there? S.A. : Certainly. This looks nice. 1 think she will like it. C : How much is it? S.A. :$15. 24 C : Can I pay by credit card? S.A : Yes, of course. C : Could you wrap it for me, please? S.A : Sure. Just a minute. C : Thank you. Lesson 14 : SHOPPING Do all the activities and exercises in this lesson. UNIT 8 Lesson 15 : THE MOTORIST'S GUIDE TO INTER-CITY Situation : Questions you may ask the Enquiry Office when you have decided to go from London to Edinburg by train. How much is one-way/return ticket? When's the next train to Edinburg? At what time are there trains to Edinburg? Are meals included? Are there buffets on train? Talking points : How would you improve transport in your country? Useful words/expressions clear the pavements public transport smoke check construct freeways/highways special routes for certain kind of vehicles upgrade streets/railways build airports strict traffic laws helmets Lesson 16 : MAKING COMPARISONS Study the comparisons Composition : Advantages of flying over other forms of transport fast speed well-served joining the world together the world gets smaller comfortable flights exciting feelings up in the air enjoy the 13
14. picturesque sights in the air nice programs on TV and radio on plane not very tired after the journey for business UNIT 9 Lesson 17 : THE GOOD OLD DAYS Asking questions : Interviewing the oldest inhabitant of your country : You may want to ask these questions: How old are you? Did you watch TV when you were young? What did you usually do when you were young? Did people drive car when you were 20? Did you fly? Did you go to school? What did you study at school? Can you add more to the list? Lesson 18 : THE LANGUAGE OF ARGUMENT Study the language provided in the lesson and also refer to unit 9 : Agreeing and Disagreeing of the book Speaking Naturally by Tillitt and Bruder. UNIT 10 Lesson 19 : DO YOU DOODLE? Talking points : Advice to a visitor to your country to see if he's interested in antiquities or art visit museum tour around the city see some artistic performances visit antique shop visit galleries read guide books talk to the artists visit antique collectors Lesson 20 : DRAWING ATTENTION 14
15. Lesson 21 : DR PETERS' BRAVE NEW WORLD Do all the activities/exercises in these lessons. UNIT 11 Lesson 22 : VERBS AND ADJECTIVES FOLLOWED BY TO, ON, OF AND WITH Use of English : Put in the correct prepositions 1. with 7. to 2. of 8. to 3. of 9. of 4. to 10. to 5. on 11. of 6. on Composition : New discovery in recent history that has had profound effects on mankind since then : COMPUTER Useful words/expressions computer used in every aspect of life, such as education, medicine, science, technology and so forth increase working speed replace mankind in a lot of work keep data and process data design other computers word processor compose music draw maps diagnose human beings become dependable on it. Lesson 23 : FRINGE BENEFITS Situation : interview for a job Example : Interviewer (A) : Good morning. How are you? Interviewee (B) : Good morning. I'm great, thank you. A : Well, Mr. Smith. You are interested in the position of the accountant in our company. Can you tell us something about your educational background? B : I graduated from College of Sciences, Oxford University in 1999 as an accountant. A : So far have you worked for any companies? B : Yes, I was employed as an accountant for T&T company but unfortunately, the company got bankruptcy a year ago so A : I see. How long did you work for T & T? 15
16. B : For one year and a half. A : Well, Mr. Smith, are you willing to work under pressure? B : Yes, I think so. A : Thank you very much. We'll send you a letter to inform you of the result. B : I hope to hear from you soon. A : Bye. Talking point : Describe a job : A Pop Star Useful expressions and phrases : Crowds greet them everywhere not private individuals public property fame wealth colossal rewards create fashions high personal profit UNIT 12 Lesson 24 : MAKING STATEMENTS AND QUALIFYING COUNTER- STATEMENTS Use of English : Rewrite the sentences 1. Even though waiters don't earn much, they get quite a few tips. 2. In addition to salary, pilots get "perks". 3. Although teachers are not well paid, they have long holiday. 4. As well as being well paid, a head waiter often gets good tips. 5. Despite the fact that most musicians earn very little, they're doing the job they really enjoy. 6. Although a hospital matron earns quite good money, she has to pay for her accommodation. 7. While nurses only receive a small salary, they do get a uniform and free food. 8. Although taxi drivers only earn about $30 a week, they do get quite a lot of tips. 9. No matter how hard nurses work, they still don't earn very much. Composition : "Taxi-drivers and waiters shouldn't expect tips." Useful expressions: For Against already paid tips are to appreciate good well-paid salary in some restaurants service service tax is included in bills tips are up to the customers other jobs such as doctors, engineers tips are not large sum of money do not get tips 16
17. UNIT 13 Lesson 25 : CONVERSATION IN THE INTERVAL Situations : Solo : You have arrived half an hour late for an evening at the theatre with a friend. He has gone in, but you must wait outside until the interval. What do you say to your friend in the interval? Useful cues Greet and apologize, give reasons for being late explain and show concern if the friend had to wait for a long time ask about the performance/movie show interest in the friend's saying talk about something else talk about an interesting thing that happened to you on that day Talking points : Recommend activities for a foreign friend who is visiting your country. tour around the country in a week stop at big cities and the capital visit museums see some cultural performances or take part in some local festivals go sight seeing shopping taste specialties socialize go to clubs visit some schools/factories talk to the local people make friends Lesson 26 : AFTER THE SHOW Learn all the vocabulary provided at page 51. Composition : Write a dialogue between two people who have just come out of a cinema after seeing a new film. One thought the film was very good : the other didn't enjoy it at all. A : What do you think of the movie? B : I think it was really marvelous. The plot was interesting and leading actors and actresses performed well. A : Really but it was too noisy and there were some ghost shows. B : Perhaps it does not suit your taste but I like the opening scene with spectacular views. In addition, the setting was impressive. A : But the plot did not appeal to me. It was too "Hollywood". 17
18. B : Maybe you're right but as a whole it was an excellent movie and there's no wonder why cinema fans highly appreciate it. A : Well, still I can't say that I liked it. UNIT 14 Lesson 27 : HELP YOUR DOCTOR TO HELP YOU Situation : Persuade a friend who is a heavy smoker to change his/her habits. Useful words/expressions : smoking causes lung cancer/heart disease and bronchitis smoking is like burning your money uncomfortable environment for other people chew gum instead count up to ten before lighting a cigarette eat candy use the money for other purposes Talking points : Smoking should be forbidden by law. Read unit 2 : World governments should conduct serious campaigns against smoking in the book : For and Against by Alexander. UNIT 14 Lesson 28 : CAUSE AND EFFECT Talk about these Can you fill in the table? Effect Cause Remedy Boredom no motivation stress Read book, socialize, go to parties Poverty War, unemployment, limited Stop war, build factories, industrial natural resources, lazy to areas, borrow money to invest in the work economy, motivate people to work Fires Motor accidents Smuggling 18